By Robin G. Jordan
Readers may be following the debate that has followed the issuance by James MacArthur and the elders of Grace Community Church, Sun Valley, California of a call for US Christians to join that church in a campaign of civil disobedience against the public health measures that state and local governments are implementing to contain or slow the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus. I have not posted links to any related articles until I have gathered enough articles that are representative of the different views involved in this debate. Among the issues is whether churches are free to adopt their own course of action or must they, as MacArthur insists, follow his lead.
MacArthur’s position is reminiscent of the position that the extremists among the Puritans in the sixteenth and seventeenth century took. They argued that there was only one right position on a number of issues—theirs. All other positions even those for which there was support in the Holy Scriptures were wrong. They were right, everyone else was wrong, and that settled the matter. At the outbreak of the English Civil War they argued that the Bible mandated only one form of church government—presbyterianism. On the other hand, the English Reformers and later Anglican divines maintained that the Bible does not prescribe any particular form of church government.
At the conclusion of the English Civil War the Presbyterians did not emerge victorious. Rather congregationalism won the day. Oliver Cromwell’s New Army backed the idea that the local church was free to determine for itself how it was to be governed and by whom.
At the Restoration episcopacy and The Book of Common Prayer were re-established as the form of church government and the form of worship in the Church of England. Pastors who refused to accept the authority of the bishops and to use the Book of Common Prayer were ejected from their livings.
MacArthur is arguing that civil disobedience to the restrictions that state and local public health measures impose upon places of worship, worship gatherings, and other church meetings is the only course of action that Christians may take. Otherwise, they are disobeying God. His argument resonates with some Christians. Others, however, conclude that the matter is not as cut and dry as MacArthur would have us believe. The kind of civil disobedience that MacArthur is advocating is not warranted at this stage if at all. While these public health measures may at times be onerous and in the case of Nevada’s restrictions on worship gatherings patently unfair, their intent is not to persecute Christians or local churches but to protect the healthy and safety of the public, including Christians.
Jesus taught his disciples to render to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s. Among the duties of the Roman Emperor was to protect the empire from its enemies and to safeguard persons and property in times of danger. Implementing public health measures to contain or slow the spread of an epidemic falls within his sphere of authority. It is what is Caesar’s, as is collecting taxes. When we comply with the public health measures that state and local governments implement and which the federal government may eventually put into effect such as a national face mask mandate, we are rendering to Caesar what is Caesar’s.
We are also rendering to God what is God’s. In his teaching Jesus expanded upon an earlier revelation of how we should act toward others—toward outsiders as well as those within our particular in-group. He did not add to this teaching but drew attention to its breadth. We are to love all human beings as ourselves. Jesus spoke as God commanded him to speak. As he pointed out, his words were not his own but the Father’s. They came from God.
Jesus emphasized loving God as well as loving others. Love of God and love of others are inseparably intertwined. We do not love God if we do not love others. In a number of places in the Old Testament we learn that God is not as interested in our acts of worship as he is the way we live. Indeed, our acts of worship are offensive to him if we do not frame our lives upon Jesus’ teaching and example. In showing our love for the Son in obeying his word, we show our love for the Father.
Caring for the health and safety of others is an important way that we show our love for them. Jesus himself had harsh words for the Pharisees who, while they claimed to be wholly devoted to God, endeavoring to fulfill the minutia of the ritual law, they showed little or no mercy and compassion toward their fellow Jews, even their own parents. While MacArthur’s statement on the surface appears to be God-honoring, it has the feel of the Pharisee about it.
One is faced with the question, “Will our worship gatherings and other church meetings really honor God if they cause human suffering and cost human lives?” Jesus urged his disciples to be like God. When we imitate God, when we are merciful and compassionate like he is, we are honoring God. God who is eternal and exists outside of time and space will not miss our worship gatherings for a season. But he will take note of our lack of mercy and compassion.