6 Crucial Small Group Lessons From the Early Church

In my mid-20s, I moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, to begin a degree in New Testament studies and work under the direction of Gordon Fee, the author of the some of the best commentaries from the last 50 years. I had been working for TOUCH Outreach Ministries, which promoted the Cell Church model and encouraged churches to embrace a New Testament model of church life based on Scriptures that give us lessons from the early church met from “house to house” (Acts 2:42-46, 5:42, 20:20).

In those days, I assumed that the goal was to find the secret ingredients to life in the first-century church and to determine how those secrets have been forgotten by the church. I thought my studies would tell me about all the things we need to do today that they did back then that would fix the church.

The more I read about the early church, the more I discovered what I did not expect to find. (This is usually the case with good research.) For instance, I found that all the research demonstrates that they met in homes, but I also found that we must be realistic about the fact that they had no other place to meet. The early church was a movement with no social standing. In fact, it was considered a cult that undermined the mores of the majority culture. Where else would they have met but in homes?

In addition, the research demonstrates that it was a movement of small groups. Although some argue that they met in mid-size groups of 20-40 that met in homes of the more wealthy Christians—and I’m sure this occurred in some locations—archeological research has demonstrated that most homes could only handle 10-15 people. But here’s what I did not expect to find: There is little information about what actually transpired in these small group meetings. Those who want to get specific about what actually happened in these groups are speaking from silence. For instance, many argue that there was only small group house churches and that there was no preaching or teaching in larger gatherings. How can we actually know this? Jesus taught in larger groups. And it seems that Paul did also when he taught all night in Ephesus (Acts 20:7). But there is a lot that we just don’t know. I’ve found that people often project their preferred model of church life back upon the early church and therefore fill in the blanks.

While the New Testament, first-century history and archaeology reveal that early Christians met in small groups in homes, we cannot claim with honesty that this somehow provides us with a secret ingredient. Is the call to Christian community a prophetic challenge to the modern church that sits in rows and listens to a preacher? Of course, but if we are looking for a New Testament small group model or house church approach or apostolic movement strategy that will unlock the secrets of God, then we are asking questions that cannot be answered. Instead, I think that there is something much more significant about the first century church that we need to hear and heed. Read More